philadelphia



B-lil Uni lulu U1! UNITED, srarns tress Reference rArEN. OFFICE.

JOSEPH 'IERANCISKING, on PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AssIeNoR OFONE-HALF TO HARRY B. HAINES, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

rnoonss or BLEAQHIIN'G.

Ilo Drawing.

To all whom it may concern: I Be it known that 1, JOSEPH 'FR.ANQI'SKING, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the city ofPhiladelphia, county.

of Philadelphia,' and State of Pennsylvania,

have invented certain new and useful Im- I reduce theloss inweight ofthe bleached goods and to improve the appearance of ments necessary, theloss in weight and tenanimal fibers.

such goods.

Another object of my "invention is to bleach such materials when desiredto a. dead white as contra-distinguished from bleaching effects known ashalf-bleach.-

Another object toremove, during the bleaching operation, the such asspecks, motes and shives, found for example, in raw cotton, and which,when present in bleached materials, afl'ectsthe value and appearancethereof.

In prior bleaching processes. Within my. knowledgeLseveral disadvantagesare pres-' ent, among which'are thelengthof time necessary to complete,the bleaching. action, the large amount of labor lnvolved,

the large'number of handlings and treatsile strength of the bleachedmaterial, the

failure to obtain a bleached product with a high grade of softness orloft and the presence of foreign matter or impurities.

By the process of my invention all of the above disadvantages are soughtto be overcome 01' remedied and in'carrying out my invention I find thata complete bleaching action may be accomplished in', approxi V r fa dyepaste by mining, as for examplegsky- V mately two hours with a largesaving in labor involved, and with. the number of handlings andtreatments of the materialto be bleached reduced to a minimum. I alsofind that by my process there is oftentimes no loss in weight of thebleachedmaterial and whenever such loss occurs it rarely exceeds two percent. 1 further find Specification of Letters Patent.

foreign matter,-

Patented Nov. 11', 191a Application filed June 28, 1910,: Srial No.307,266.

that by my, process theloss in -tensile strength of the bleachedmaterial is substantially decreased and also that the bleached materialis of a superior grade. both in quality and appearance, its loftinessbeing markedly superior to that obtained in the chlorid of lime processof-bleaching.

Moreover, by myproc'ess, impurities, such as specks, motes, shives'andthe like which detract from'the appearance and thevalue of the materialor goods,'are eliminated, with the resultthat the appearance of the ma116113; is greatly improved and the value thereof enhanced.

': .In carrying out my invention I first prepare a bleaching compound orcomposition bymixing together the following enumer- Qldkll UH HUUHI atedconstituents oringredients in. substantially'the proportions indicatedas follows:

10 parts'by weight of-common salt or sodium chlori 10 parts by weight ofsoda ash 'or sodium carbonate,

.6 parts by weight oi hydrdgen, 10 parts by weight of caustic soda'orpotassium hydrate,

24 parts by weight of Glauber 'salt @1 55 dium sulfat a suitablevat toand in which I may add and dissolve 60 pounds of the above bleacl1 forapproximately an hour after which the 1 materials are rinsed,.first inhot water for for also about five minutes.

If, however, isv desired to dye the ma- I may then place 500 gallons ofwater-in The contents ofthe vat then may be'boiled about five minutesand then in cold water terials, any particular color, the bleachingprocess may be carried out withabout substantially one-half of thequantity of the bleaching composition or mixture mentioned above and forabout one-half of the time ;;necessary fora complete bleaching.

The dye may be first preparedby forming blue dye with a little warmwater and then dissolving four ounces of this in two gallons of coldWater. This dye solution may then about five minutes. The contents ofthe vat may then. be. heated to about Fahrenheit and left for about fiveminutes to pro duce a light shade of dyeing or for such longer periodsas may be required to produ e deeper shades. By this method subpurposeof cleansing the material of impurities, while the remainingconstituents primarily react to cause the bleaching action.

If, then, the materials are already free of impurities it may not benecessary to give them the particular treatment required to remove suchimpurities and my process may omit the constituents sodium carbonate andcaustic soda. From the above it may be observed that .this solution isalkaline but depending upon the materials to be treated acids may besubstituted for alkalis a'i desired. i

In addition to the above operation, I find, if desired, that I can usereels and squeeze rollsfor the goods when bleaching and rinsingthe'same.

While I have above described the manner in which materials may bebleached, this description is intended as exemplifying rather thanlimiting my invention and it is to be understood that the materialsused, their proportions, the order in which the steps are enumerated andthe period of treatment, may be suitably varied without departing fromthe spirit and scope of my'invention.

Having thus described my invention, I

. claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States:

1. The process of bleaching consisting of dissolvin sodium chlorid,sodium carbonate, hy rogen peroxid, potassium hydrate and sodium sulfatein water, introducing the materials to be bleached into said solution,subjecting the mass to heat and rinsing the bleached materials.

2. The process of bleaching consisting of placing the material to bebleached in a bleaching solution containing sodium chlorid, sodiumsulfate and hydrogen peroxid and boiling said material and solution.

3. The process of bleaching consisting of placing the material to bebleached in a bleaching solution containing sodium chlorid, sodiumsulfate and hydrogen peroxid, boiling said material and solution andrinsing said bleached material.

4. The process of bleaching and coloring consisting of dissolving amixture of sodium chlorid, sodium carbonate,,potassium hy-'drate,-sodium sulfate and hydrogen peroxid in water, placing thematerial to be bleached and colored in said solution, heating saidmaterial and solution, rinsing said material vwith water, applying asoluble coloring substance to the rinsing water containing the bleachedmaterial and heating said material and colored solution.

' 5. The process of bleaching consisting o dissolving a mixture ofcommon salt, Glauber salt, hydrogen peroxid and a detergent in Water;placing the material to be bleached in said solution, boiling saidsolution and material and washing said bleached material. I

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 27th da of June,1919.

JOSE H FRANCIS KING.

